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Suicide and Self-Injury

Explaining the Prospective Relation between Sleep Quality and Suicide Ideation among Adolescents: Mediating Roles of Rumination and Depressive Symptoms

(PS11-43) Explaining the Prospective Relation Between Sleep Quality and Suicide Ideation Among Adolescents: Mediating Roles of Rumination and Depressive Symptoms

Saturday, November 16, 2024

2:30 PM – 3:30 PM EST

Location: Franklin Hall, Level 4, Marriott Downtown

Author(s)

SK

Sindy Kalauch, B.A.

RA
Hunter College, City University of New York
Astoria, New York, United States

Co-Author(s)

CR

Christina Rombola, M.A.

Lab Manager
Hunter College, City University of New York
New York, New York, United States
Regina Miranda, Ph.D.

Professor
Hunter College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York
New York, New York, United States

Abstract Text: Prior studies have found associations between sleep disturbances and suicide ideation (SI). However, there is limited research examining cognitive mechanisms that explain the relation between sleep quality and SI. We conducted a longitudinal study examining the relationship between low sleep quality and higher levels of SI among adolescents aged 12 to 19, and whether rumination, or the tendency to perseverate on the causes meanings, and consequences of one’s dysphoric mood, might explain the connection. We hypothesized that low sleep quality would be associated with increased SI severity, and that rumination would mediate the relationship. One hundred seventeen participants, ages 12-19 (M = 15.34, SD = 1.93), reporting recent SI were recruited from three different health facilities in New York and one in Connecticut, and were followed up at 3 and 12 months. Adolescents primarily identified as female at birth (62.9%) and Latine (69.2%), with 94% of participants identifying as having a racially minoritized identity. Adolescents completed self-report measures of sleep quality, rumination, depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation severity at baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. Data were collected using the REDCap software program and analyzed with SSPS v. 28.0 and the Hayes Process Macro for SPSS, with indirect effects estimated using bootstrapping with 5,000 resamples. Serial mediation analysis suggested a marginally significant direct effect and a significant indirect effect of low baseline sleep quality on greater 12-month SI severity via rumination at 3 months and depressive symptoms at 12 months (Indirect effect = 0.09, SE = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01 – 0.21). These findings suggest that improving sleep quality may reduce rumination, which, in turn, may reduce depressive symptoms and lower SI severity. These findings encourage further research to clarify how sleep disturbances may impact future suicide ideation through cognitive mechanisms such as rumination, perhaps by examining daily variability via intensive longitudinal methods.