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Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders and Disasters

Translation and psychometric validation of the Spanish Adjustment Disorder - New Module 20

(PS14-59) Translation and Psychometric Validation of the Spanish Adjustment Disorder - New Module 20

Sunday, November 17, 2024
10:30 AM – 11:30 AM EST
Location: Franklin Hall, Level 4, Marriott Downtown
Abstract Text:

Introduction: In an attempt to clarify the diagnosis of the Adjustment Disorder (AjD), ICD-11 (WHO, 2018) included a new definition with more operationalised diagnostic criteria. In order to validate this new AjD conceptualisation, a questionnaire specifically designed for the assessment of this disorder was developed. The Adjustment Disorder New Module (ADNM-20) consists of two complementary parts. First, a list of different stressful events that an individual may have experienced in the last 2 years is presented. Second, the individual can select which of all the above-mentioned events is currently causing the most interference, which is followed by a list of 20 symptoms that may have appeared as a result of the stressful event. The person assesses the frequency of these symptoms on a scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often) and their duration ( >1 month, 1-6 months, 6 months-2 years). The ADNM-20 has already been validated showing good psychometric properties and has also been adapted to different languages such as Chinese or French. In its French version, factor analysis obtained from a sample of 1010 participants responding to a survey during the quarantine and outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic confirmed the fit of a bifactorial model with one general factor and 6 complementary factors. The internal consistency was high (ω = 0.918) and positive correlations were observed between ADNM-20 scores and anxiety, depression, and stress.

Objective: The aim of this study is to validate the Spanish version of the ADNM-20 in a non-clinical sample.

Method: The inclusion criteria were being over 18 years old, residing in Spain and being able to read Spanish. A back translation procedure was conducted on the original version of the questionnaire. The instrument was adapted to an online version to be administered online along with other instruments measuring depression (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) and coping strategies (Brief-COPE). The sample included 203 participants (83.3% women) with a mean age of 33.83 (SD= 11.18). The majority (96.6%) had university studies and 57.6% were married.

Results: As for the internal structure, we contrasted a model with a general factor (AjD) and 6 specific factors (Worry, Maladaptive, Avoidance, Depression, Anxiety and Impulsivity) that fit the data very well (GFI = 0.991, NFI = 0.989, SRMR = 0.049) and with factor weights in most cases above 0.40 from the different factors to the items. The reliability of the complete scale and the different subscales ranged between 0.69 and 0.92, indicating an adequate value. Convergent validity was estimated by means of a confirmatory model relating at the latent factor level the general ADNM factor with Depression, Anxiety and Coping Styles. The model fit the data very well (GFI = 0.996, NFI = 0.994, SRMR = 0.071) and the validated scale presented correlations of 0.72 with Depression, 0.65 with Anxiety, -0.40 with Cognitive Coping and 0.48 with blocked coping, which reflects an adequate convergent validity of the scale with other similar measures at the theoretical level.

Discussion: Our results showd that the ADNM20 presented good psychometric properties in its Spanish version, making this quiestionnaire the first specific instrument to evaluate AjD in the Spanish population.
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